Thursday, June 13, 2024

Similarity between Kurds, Tatars and Franks

What are the similarities among Tatars, Kurds, and Franks? Fadlullah, a 14th-century historian, claimed that these nations shared something: 

Their name has been famous throughout the world since ancient times. Many lines of them have branched out, and the total of this nation was seventy thousand house-holds. Their dwelling place and yurts, sepa-rate tribe by tribe and branch by branch, were well delineated and near the territories of Cathay. The yurt for which they were especially known was a place called Bu'ir Na'ur. At most times they have been in obedience and paid tribute to the rulers of Cathay, although they have rebelled in every age, and rulers of Cathay have mounted armies against them to bring them back into submission. They have also dis-puted and quarrelled with each other, and there was war among these tribes for many long years. At the time the Tatars were allied with the Dörbän, Salji'ut, and Qataqin, they all dwelt below certain rivers that become the Angara when they join. The Angara is an extremely large river, and a tribe of Mongols called Usutu Mangqun live there. That area presently belongs to them. The river is near a city called ...qas. Where this river and the Käm² river join is part of Qirqiz territory. It is reported that this river goes to a province near which is a sea of silver. The name of that territory is Alaqchin Adutan Mänggü Bala'urnan. All their horses are said to be ala [dappled]. Every horse is as bakhta as a four-year-old camel. All their implements and vessels are of silver. There are many birds there. Sorghaqtani Beki sent three commanders there, Tongqaliq of the Güchügür clan, Bäkchü of the Qaratut, and Mungqur of the clan, with a thousand men in a ship. They brought much silver back to the shore, but they couldn't put it in the ship. Not more than three hundred men of that troop returned: the rest per-ished from the putrid air and excessive dampness. All three commanders came back safely and lived long.

They are especially known for wielding knives, and at the slightest provocation they stab each other and use their swords without remorse, like the Kurds, Shul, and Franks. The law that exists among the Mongols now did not exist in their time, and vengeance, wrath, and envy were domi-nant in their natures.


Fadlullah's depiction of the Tatars contains discursive motifs similar to those found in premodern Kurdish sources. The motif of disunity, large numbers, and the capacity to conquer the world, if unity existed, also applied to the Tatars: 

With their great numbers, if they had agreed with one another and not fought, neither the Cathaians nor any other crea-ture could have withstood them, and even though there was constant enmity and ran-cor among them, in ancient times they were usually dominant over most nations of the region. Because of the glory, might, and respect they commanded, other types of Turks, in all their variety and names, made themselves known by their name, and all were called Tatar.





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